Covid-19 And the Use Of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor

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ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITOR

  • COVID -19 (CORONAVIRUS 2019 DISEASE)a current pandemic infection caused by   RNA virus 
  • Its mainly transmitted by droplet generated when an infected person coughs,sneezes or inhales.
  • Symptoms:fever ,dry cough,tiredness.
  •  Less common symptoms :headache,sore throat,diarrhoea,loss of taste or smell.
  • Even if you notice mild symptoms don't hesitate to ask your doctor. 
  • Get vaccinated at your chance 

  • Getting vaccinated is very important to save us as well as your close ones , to learn more about herd immunity and its importance do check it out through this link HERD IMMUNITY

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITOR


CAPTOPRIL:

  • Dipeptide ace inhibitor

  • Orally active

  • Prototype drug

  • Sulfhydryl containing dipeptide surrogate of proline
  •  Abolish pressor action of angiotensin 1 without affecting angiotensin 2

  • Increase plasma kinin level : responsible for cough ,angioedema,hypotensive action.

  • Decrease blood pressure is seen more in sodium depleted subject and in those with overactive RAS 

  • Captopril induced hypotension is due to :
  1. Systolic,diastolic blood pressure fall
  2. Decreased peripheral resistance 
  • Postural change in plasma aldosterone ,basal level decreases due to loss of regulation 

PHARMACOKINETIC:

  • 70% orally-absorbed
  • Food affect bioavailability
  • Partly metabolised ,partly excretion-urine (unchanged)





USE:

1)HYPERTENSION:

  • 1ST line in 50% cases in rest 50% its combined with diuretic or beta blockers
  • Postural hypotension
  • Safety in asthmatics,diabetics
  • Minimum worsening of quality of life 
2)CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE:
  • 1st line of drug
  • Arteriolar and venodilatation
3)MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION:
  • Within 24 hours of an attack,continued for 6 weeks to years
4)PROPHYLAXIS IN HIGH CVS RISK SUBJECT:
  • Protective effect
5)DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
  • Delay
  • Prevent renal disease in both type 1 and 2 diabetes
6)SCLERODERMA CRISIS:
  • Dramatic improvement ,life saving 

ADVERSE EFFECT:

  • Hypotension
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Cough
  • Rash
  • Headache
  • Angioedema mouth ,lip
  • Loss of taste
  • Foetopathic

INTERACTION:

  • Indomethacin attenuate hypotensive action,diuretic synergise with them.
  • Antacid reduce bioavailability of captopril



AIM OF THIS POST:

Today we started with a little bit about the current pandemic infection covid 19 virus ,the reason to post about angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor as its used to treat covid 19 patients , when the virus enters inside our body it replicates at sites where this angiotensin converting enzyme is present like brain and lung .Its necessary for all of us to know about angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ,hope this post would have been informative if this post helped you learn do let me know in the comment section below .

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