ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION (ORS) old and new formulation along with its uses

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 ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION 

  • Oral rehydration solution is given in oral rehydration therapy of mild to moderate diarrhea.
  • Hydration must be maintained in all cases of diarrhea to prevent fluid depletion and shock .
  • It contains sodium and  potassium chloride, trisodium citrate and glucose.
  • Glucose help in absorption of sodium because glucose facilitated sodium reabsorption remains intact even in severe diarrhea

Composition:

  1. Sodium chloride -3.5 grams
  2. Potassium chloride -1.5 grams
  3. Sodium citrate -2.9 grams
  4. Glucose-20 grams

Above all compounds are dissolved in 1 liter of water

Glucose-facilitate sodium reabsorption

Sodium citrate correct acidosis, promote water and sodium retention






NEW ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION FORMULA :

  1. Sodium chloride-2.6 grams
  2. Potassium chloride-1.5 grams
  3. Sodium citrate -2.9 grams
  4. Glucose-13.5 grams
  5. Water-1 liter

In new formula WHO-ORS ,Concentration of sodium chloride and glucose as well as total osmolarity is decreased because :

  • Use of standard formula ORS has lead to development of edema(excess sodium),increased stool frequency (unabsorbed glucose act as laxative ) in some  patients .
  • New composition of ORS is based on stool composition of Rota virus patient 

USES:

  • Oral rehydration solution reduces vomiting sensation as well as controls stool frequency
  • Help in reviving from cholera
  • Useful in severe diarrhea with dehydration 





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